When switching from direct speech to indirect speech the present tense and pass compos are maintained. Indirect Speech. The judge ordered to bring the witness. Indirect Speech: Rahul says, that he eats a pineapple. Indirect: My father told me to wash my hands. Simple present tense (Subject+ V1+ object) . Another example: Direct speech: Where is Julie? In the second sentence, the writer conveys her message but in his own words without changing the meaning. However, keeping the tense progressive or continuous implies that the action continues, that she's . Direct and Indirect Narration Rules. They said to Rahim, "We are playing football." worked) than the tense originally used (e.g. Instead we use past perfect tense . Ram told Shyam that he was watching T.V. He said to me, "I don`t like selfish people.". direct speech: 'I work in a bank,' said Daniel. Direct and Indirect Speech Future Simple Tense Examples. Direct. COMMAND a. Possitive Command: HE ASKED ME HE TOLD ME TO INFIVITIVE. This doesn't apply to the imperative, which we'll look at further below. 4. Usually, it is used in spoken language. The verb in the first part of the sentence (e.g., he said, she said) is called a reporting verb. Direct and Indirect Speech of Present Perfect Tense. Direct: She said' "I can help you tomorrow.". Rules For Changing Direct Speech into Indirect Speech. Forbid-forbade is used for negative sentences. Example. When the main idea of a speaker's words is reported by another person and the exact words are not. Indirect speech: She said she was seeing her brother the following day. Reporting verbs are the ones which usually appear in indirect speech. Definitions of Direct and Indirect Speech with examples. Rules of direct and indirect speech are discussed below. Direct to indirect speech example: Direct: She says/will say, she is going Indirect: She says/will . Direct: Joe said, "I spoke the truth." Indirect: Joe said that he had spoken the truth. Some examples:-. Ex:-Rama said," I am very busy now." In the above example the Speaker i.e; Rama is known as Reporter, said is known as Reporting verb and "I am very busy now." is known as Reported Speech. Direct speech can be used in virtually every tense in English. Washerman said, "I do not wash the clothes.". Grandma said to me, "You are a good boy.". He says, "I have performed my duties." He says that he has performed his duties. Note- If the direct sentence (Reported speech) contains the universal truth then it remains unchanged in the Indirect Sentence. General rules to change direct speech into indirect speech are firstly omit all inverted commas or quotation marks. This is called 'backshift'. Direct - I say to her, "Do you agree with me?". Examples of Indirect speech: Direct: She said, "He came at dinner-time." Indirect: She said that he had come at dinner-time. Past Continuous I was walking along the Street. direct sentence. Dhronacharya ordered Arjuna to aim at the fish's eye. Indirect speech tends to be more complicated than direct speech because it requires certain changes (in both English and French). When the actual words of the speaker are reproduced, it is called direct speech. (Direct & Indirect) Present Tense; Present indefinite tense: 1. Then said will be changed into ordered For example: Direct Speech: The father said to me, "Sit down.". Present indefinite tense will change into past indefinite tense. Below, we are providing Direct and Indirect Speech examples using reporting verb . All "Wh" words for integrative sentences will remain the as it is. If the introductory verb is in the present tense, the tense (or modal) does not change. Present continues tense: 3. The professor asked Shipra Why she was quiet. Let us learn some of the rules for changing direct speech into indirect speech for different tenses. 2nd September 2012 Anne said, "I will be coming home tonight". Direct speech is a piece of cake. Indirect Speech Indirect/reported speech, on the other hand, does not have to be within quotes or reported word-toword. . Present indefinite tense. Indirect and direct speech plays an important role in the English Grammar knowledge of students. Ram said to Shyam, "I am watching T.V. Apr 7, 2020 - Direct & Indirect Speech, Tenses and Example Sentences Tense Direct Speech Present Simple I like ice cream. "I'm sorry." He says he is sorry. For example: 4. No changes in the tense are made if: Direct [] Direct/quoted speech, involves quoting the exact words uttered by the person, within inverted commas or quotation marks. The tense of direct speech remains unchanged when the reporting verb is in the present or future tense. These examples show that:- Rule 6. ". . The first rule of the Changes in the tenses is about the effect of the Present tense in the Reporting speech. Direct speech. If the direct sentence contains the universal truth, then it remains unchanged in the Indirect Speech. Direct speech consists of the exact words a person says or thinks. You can use it to describe something in the present tense - to express something that is happening in the present moment, or make it feel like it is happening right . Direct and Indirect Speech: Direct and Indirect Speech Test is a part of English grammar. He said, "What time will you be home?" and . Indirect Speech: He said he had to go. Direct Speech: Rahul says, "I eat a pineapple. ". When converting speech from direct to indirect, you must change the present tense verbs to the past tense and remove any quotation marks or commas . Direct Speech. The rules for change of tense have been discussed in detail under the heading of 'Rules for changing tense'. Direct Speech into Indirect Speech Rules. Present Continuous to Past Continuous. indirect speech: Daniel said that he worked in a bank. These two ways are as follows: Direct Speech Indirect Speech Let us understand first by example. Direct Speech: Shalini said, "I have completed the project. Indirect Speech. Indirect speech: She said she had worked last night. Direct speech: "I'm seeing my brother tomorrow.". Indirect Speech : Geeta said that they had gone to the park. DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH. Remember, the changes in tenses in Indirect Speech can be done by considering five rules. 3. Direct Speech: He said, "I must leave. Direct speech: She said, "The weather is not . work). Direct and Indirect Speech Worksheet- Answers to Part A. Sahil asked me when I was returning. Indirect: He said that the boy went home. quoted, it is called indirect speech or reported speech. 10. Tense of Reporting Speech. Direct and Indirect Speech Exercises for Reporting Verb . The presence of the Past Tense in the Reporting Speech always leads to the change in the tense of the Reported Speech. The English Language has two means to express the words said by a person. The tenses of direct speech do not change if the reporting verb is in future tense or present tense. Direct: My mother said, " I'm angry with you.". The spoken words are enclosed in inverted commas and must be written or spoken word for word. Direct Speech : She said, "I had eaten a pizza". Simple Present to Simple Past. Washerman told that he did not wash the clothes. Indirect speech is made up of a main clause, followed by a subordinate clause introduced by the relative pronoun 'que'. Present Perfect I haven't seen Mary. Indirect Speech : She said that she had eaten a pizza. Also, there is a change in the tense of the verb. Transferring the sentence that someone else says is called indirect speech. Virat said, "I play cricket.". Indirect: She said that she could help me tomorrow. Negatives. In this form, the actual words of the speaker are put in quotes "". Direct speech: Aslam said, "Do not beat him". Example He said to me, "i play cricket" He told me that he had played cricket He said, " I was working" He said he had been working 5) Rule 6 If the verb of the reporting speech is in the past tense and the verb in reported speech is in the present continous tense, then it wil be changed into past continours tense Example She said, "I am laughting" Direct: "Dance with me!". In indirect speech, the tense of the verb depends on both the tense of the verb in the main clause (the verb of saying, thinking, promising, etc) and the tense of the verb in the words actually used by the person doing the speaking, thinking, promising, etc. Present Tense becomes Past Tense. Indirect Speech. Direct: She said, "My English is getting better. Also, the tense of speech changes to past tense. We make a present simple question with 'do' or 'does' so I need to take that away. Direct to indirect speech example: Direct: He said, we cannot live without air. Examples for Change In . Direct: She said, "I need help." Indirect: She said that she needed help. 1. It is also called reported speech. Present Simple becomes Past Simple Shakespeare said, "I will write another drama tomorrow.". Indirect - She has told me I help her whenever she is in trouble. 1. Rule 7 - Direct Speech to Indirect Speech Conversion - Request, Command, Wish, Exclamation. If reported verb is in Past Tense, and reported speech is in Future Indefinite Tense, will changes into would & shall changes into should. Direct speech: RP +, + S + do/does not + V1 ROTS. If the reporting verb is in the Past Tense, as is most common, then the tense of the direct speech i.e. Present Continuous I am living in Paris. If the transmitted action is done in the past, the sentence . In general, the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech:. (Reported speech) does. The woman urged to ring the fire brigade. 1. Indirect Speech : Raj said to me that he had been waiting to see me. goes to the gym everyday. If the tense of a reporting speech of direct speech is in the present tense or future tense, then the tense of the reported speech in indirect speech will not change. The direct question is the present simple of 'be'. Step 1: Write down the reporting verb that is used to determine the Indirect Speech's tense. However, with the past simple it's quite common to keep the verb in the same tense. statement. Switching From Direct to Indirect Speech. Knowing when to use direct and indirect speech can help students form grammatically correct sentences. Indirect speech: You said you'd had a headache the day before yesterday. 1. Indirect Speech Indirect: He said that we cannot live without air. Let us understand first by example. 4. Example: Direct: He says, "I am going to school." Indirect: He says that he is going to school. The shift to indirect speech leads to changes in the tense, depending on whether the verb is in the present tense or in the past tense. Direct speech: I worked last night. These five rules are compulsory. 1. If the reporting verb is in the Past Tense, you need to change the verb in the indirect speech. Indirect: She tells me that she is tired. Mamta Said, "Rahul goes to school.". 2. Then I need to change the verb to the past simple. For direct and indirect speech complete rules click: Direct and indirect speech complete rules. Indirect Speech. Here's another example: Direct speech: I did my homework. Mamta said/told that rahul went to school. Remember, if the reporting verb (first part) of the sentence is in the past tense, then the tense of reported speech (second part) is changed for making its indirect speech.But if the reporting verb (first part) of the sentence is in the present or future tense, then the . 2. Would I would help, but Can I can speak . Direct speech examples: She said, "I won't be coming home tonight ". not change. In the first statement, the reporter conveys the statement given by an individual person, using his own words to another person. Most students often confuse direct and indirect speech with active and passive voice. Present Progressive -> Past Progressive. ". Direct Speech. Direct Speech. 2. 11. This verb could be in the present, past, or future tense. Let's take a closer look at each one! He told me that he didn`t like selfish people. The examples above are indirect speeches. 3. Direct - John says, "I don't smoke.". Direct: He said to me, "I am innocent". Present Perfect Tense: The teacher said, "I have written the example on the board." Past Perfect Tense: The teacher said that she had written the example on the board." Present Continuous Tense: Rahul said, "I am going to . Changing From Present Tense to Past Tense. In indirect speech, there is no comma after the introductory verb (say) and the inverted commas are omitted. Indirect. Past Simple I bought a car. Change in Tense A fter Past Reporting Verbs 1. 1. The summary of this change in tenses due to Past Tense is . Indirect Speech is supported by some verbs like requested, ordered, suggested and advised. Direct: My son says, "I will not eat food.". Direct Speech : Chris said, "I will buy a . Indirect Speech: Jatin said that he wrote a letter. The stranger asked Ashna what the time was. In the examples below we'll look at specific elements of speech which change between the direct and indirect speech. Direct/quoted speech, involves quoting the exact words uttered by the person, within inverted commas or quotation marks. Indirect: Ram said that he was reading a book. 2. STATEMENT Exception:If the introductory sentence is in the Present Tense, there won't be any changes in the Reported (Indirect) speech . Direct Speech: He says, "I am playing football". It may be in the present tense, past tense, or future tense, respectively. E.g. The third form of every be verb is been . Getting direct and indirect speech exercises is quite easy. There are three primary changes that may need to be made. Indirect Speech: Shalini said that she had completed the project. 2. Simple present -> Simple past. 1. Top . 3. (direct) She . Indirect: She said that she had gone to the shopping center. If the reporting verb of the direct speech is in past tense the all the present tenses are . If reporting speech is in present or future tense no change in the tense of reported speech is made while converting into indirect speech. Direct: She said, "I went to the shopping center.". -. Direct speech is the ones that the person establishes himself / herself. "There's a fly in my soup!" screamed John. If the verb inside the inverted commas /quotations marks is in the present tense change it into the corresponding past tense. Change in Tense: The tense of the reported speech is changed for converting direct speech into indirect speech. If Direct Speech is Present Continuous>In indirect Form it becomes Past ContinuousExampleDirect SpeechSister said" I am going to market"Indirect SpeechSister said that she was going to marketNote:-In Direct Speech,we use "am going" (Present Continous)In Indirect Speech,we use "was going"(Past Cont Usually used in writing language such as novels, stories etc. In indirect speech, we often use a tense which is 'further back' in the past (e.g. Direct Speech : Raj said to me, "I was waiting to see you". Direct- Indirect. #1 - Personal pronouns and possessives may need to be changed: DS. Indirect speech: Aslam ordered to not beat him. Example 1 - Le prsent The second part of the sentence, enclosed in inverted commas or quotation marks, is called a reported speech. DIRECT The teacher asked me: Open your book page 65!". David dclare : Je veux voir mamre . By englishsunglish June 3, 2021. Indirect: My mother said she was angry with me. (no . First person in the reported speech : Direct: she says to me, "I am tired". Indirect Speech: He says that he is playing football. Indirect: My son says that he will not eat food. Direct and Indirect Speech Simple Present Tense Examples. Indirect speech: He asked Ahmad if/whether he was tired that night. (both reported speeches are in present perfect) Virat said that he played cricket. Direct and Indirect speech Examples for Tense. Rule number 2 of the Changes in the Tenses is about the effect of the Past Tense in the Reporting Speech on the Reported Speech tense. Example: She said, 'I live in Paris'. He said to Hina, "I love you." He told Hina that he loved her. In the first sentence, the writer conveys the girl's message using her actual words (e.g., "I am a little bit nervous."). Indirect - John says that he doesn't smoke. Indirect: He told me that he was innocent. Direct Speech. If reported verb is in Past Tense, reported speech will change from Present Indefinite Tense to Past Indefinite Tense. Rule One (Present Indefinite Tense) In the first rule, first part i,e reporting speech is present indefinite tense then tense of reported speech will not be changed but other changes will be made. For example: She said to me that she would come home by 10pm. For example: Indirect speech: She said she worked last night. These two ways are as follows: Direct Speech. . Tom said, "There's a tiger outside the window.". Teacher said, "The children run the computer.". So the past perfect tense, in this case, is had + been . Direct Speech: He says, "I am playing football". Direct - She has said to me, "You help me whenever I am in trouble.". Hoping that the above rules and examples of direct and indirect speech would work well for your practice. Shakespeare said that he would write another drama the . The direct question is in the present simple tense. Examples. For converting direct speech into indirect speech, the tense of the reported speech is changed. In the first statement, the reporter conveys the statement given by an individual person, using his own words to another person. Direct: Ram said, "I am reading a book.". Keep working hard. 2. Indirect Speech for all Tenses - Rules. Direct speech: "I had a headache yesterday.". He said to me, "I like him." He told me that he liked him. One last thing to remember, like we saw with the present tense, if the verb in the past is a reporting verb, and what is being reported is a command or request, you will use the subjunctive--past subjunctive this time! The English Language has two means to express the words said by a person. Step 2: Change the position and time to reflect the speaker's actual location . Therefore, the imperative mood in the direct speech changes into the Infinitive in indirect speech. gym everyday.". If Direct is Simple PresentIn Indirect, it becomes Simple Past.ExampleDirect SpeechShe said "I live in Delhi"Indirect SpeechShe said that she lived in DelhiNote:-In Direct Speech, we use "live"In Indirect Speech, we use "lived"QuestionsHe said "I like ice cream"-a-He said that he liked ice creamExp Reported Speech Rules . The direct verb is changed according to indirect speech in case order the speaker gives a direct command. Indirectly reporting an action in the future can change verb tenses when needed. Indirect speech reports what someone has said or thought. Direct and Indirect Speech: Direct and Indirect Speech is a part of English grammar. Indirect - I ask . Example: He said, 'I am going to school.'. Direct Speech Indirect Speech; Simple Present Tense: He said, "I feel great." Simple Past Tense: He said that he felt great. Direct: She said: "I would buy new house if I were rich". 2. We also may need to change other words that were used, for example pronouns . Rule 3. Tense Change As a rule, when you report something that someone has said you go back a tense, therefore, when we report what someone has said we go one tense back. Direct speech may be pretty straightforward, but indirect speech in French sure is not. If the reporting verb of the direct speech is in the present or future tense, then the reporting speech will not be changed. Direct: He said, "The boy goes home.". With to be verbs. After a Reporting Verb in the Past tense, a verb in the Past Indefinite tense in the Reported Speech is changed into the Past Perfect tense. But in the second statement, the reporter wants to convey the message in his/her own words.to another person. The pronouns will be changed accordingly after the change of narration. Present Tense that Present Tense.
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