He, C.-F.; Yu, C.-D. Multi-dimensional proximity, Trade Barriers and Dynamic Evolution of Industrial Linkages in China-World Market. Economic uncertainty spillover and social networks. In the current study, the principle aim is to uncover the influence of watershed topographic and socio-economic attributes on the climate sensitivity of river water quality based on a global analysis. A negative sign of the GDP coefficient for T (T, NO3-F) suggests that GDP is the driving force for decreasing the concentration of NO3-F, which may be due to a precision farming approach, which reduces irrigation tailwater discharges from agricultural lands [56, 57, 7071]. Spatial and temporal evolution of economic links between Lanzhou and Xining urban agglomeration based on the accessibility. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. The analysis indicates that tourism industry keep tight correlation with the economic growth of the global economy while there are so many factors which affect the tourism industry positively and negatively which in the long run or short run affect the global economy of the world negatively and positively. Weather can change from hour-to-hour, day-to-day, month-to-month or even year-to-year. Cooler air is capable of holding less water vapor than warmer air. Klages-Mundt, A.; Minca, A. Optimal intervention in economic networks using influence maximization methods. How was citizenship connected to the Greek polis? Country level GDP data were assigned to their corresponding watershed. The response of PO43-F and PO43-UF to temperature is inelastic and relatively elastic, and site specific [28]. In order to detect the impact of topography on social factors, we selected the If you live in the mountains, you're likely to develop a particular culture that adapts to life at a high altitude. Population density has a positive coefficient for P (P, NO3-F), which may be due to lawn fertilization in urban areas, which drains NO3-F to enrich surface waters [59, 79]. Geography was a major factor in Rome's early development. Generally, topographic features regulate surface water quality variables. The response of DOC is site specific and complex to climatic drivers [67]. Climate, transportation costs, diseases, and By which act dyarchy was introduced in india? The urban flow intensity model was used to analyze the outward function of industrial sectors in the urban agglomeration in 2020 (, According to the structural decomposition of the urban flow intensity of specific cities (, The dominant flow method is used to analyze the intensity of the urban flow of the three industries in each city, identify the industrial core backbone connection axis, and obtain the three industries first, second, third, and fourth most dominant flow directions (. Location and climate have large effects on income levels and income growth through their effects on transport costs, disease burdens, and agricultural productivity, Watersheds were selected based on long-term water quality records. For more details on the CEWQ results refer to [28, 37]. The elasticity approach was used. Area development model construction. The runoff coefficient has a positive coefficient for T (T, NO3-F). (3) The primary industrys industrial core backbone connection axis is mainly based on the closed triangular connection between Jiuquan, Zhangye, and Jinchang. [. High-speed rail network and urban agglomeration economies: Research from the perspective of urban network externalities. We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience. Liang, C.; Zeng, J. This created regionalism, meaning different cities developed separately of one another. Here we assess the impact of topographic and socio-economic factors on the climate sensitivity of surface water quality, estimated using an elasticity approach (climate elasticity of water quality (CEWQ)), and identify potential risks of instability in different regions and climatic conditions. Topography is the relief of an area. Zhong, Z.-H.; Qin, C.-L.; Ye, X.-Y. Saddles and gaps along a ridge will funnel the wind and increase its speed. The Greeks, through cultural diffusion, learned a great deal from the people they met through the travel of the seas. Rugged terrain restricts the concentration of population in any area. More frequent and intense drought, storms, heat waves, rising sea levels, melting glaciers and warming oceans can directly harm animals, destroy the places they live, and wreak havoc on people's livelihoods and communities. Do topographic maps indicate changes in elevation? It limited the population because agricultural output was so low. Spatial organization and complexity of urban networks in China. The population density for the concerned watersheds was derived from the Gridded Population of the World, version 3 (GPWv3) (0.50.5 latitude/longitude) [32]. The total heat content of a system is directly related to the amount of matter present, so it is cooler at higher elevations. tectonic uplift, fluvial erosion and deposition, mass wasting, volcanic activity and glaciation. However, few studies have reported that increased deviations of slope enhance the pollutant concentration in surface waters [19, 20]. According to the results of the network centrality, the city cluster forms four core economic circles, namely Jiujia, Dungua, Zhangye, and Jinwu. Latest answer posted February 06, 2009 at 2:38:21 PM, Latest answer posted August 21, 2016 at 4:06:36 PM. HSCJ201607). As air cools, this water vapor is forced to condense, depositing rain or snow on windward slopes. This paper analyzes the industrial functional connection of the Hexi Corridor urban agglomeration through the urban flow intensity and industrial functional complementarity index, calculates the economic connection intensity based on the revised gravity model, and uses social network analysis to explore the evolution of the economic network structure, drawing the following conclusions. (2) The backbone correlation axes of the three industries show the characteristics of a closed triangular connection, dual-core linkage development, and multi-center multi-axis interaction. It is important to investigate the potential impacts of socio-economic variables on the strength and direction of water quality response to climate factors. How did the ancient Greeks develop an advanced civilization? from Rutgers University-New Brunswick/Piscataway M.A. Latitude. When topography comes into play, weather scenarios deviate from that rule. What are the differences between the three poleis of Athens, Sparta, and Miletus? The topography of an area can influence the weather and climate. (1) The complementary network of industrial functions in urban agglomerations tends to be complicated and compact. Topographical relief is a key factor that limits population distribution and economic development in mountainous areas. A general rule of thumb in understanding weather is warm air rises and cold air sinks. Our experts have done a research to get accurate and detailed answers for you. Streamflow sensitivity to precipitation is higher in temperate climate class (C) [27], which sweeps fertilizers to waterbodies in the vicinity. ; software, X.X. How does topography affect economic activities? Betweenness centrality (BC) measures the medium function of node connections. Ashfaq, S.; Tang, Y.; Maqbool, R. Insights of energy and its trade networking impacts on sustainable economic development. Please let us know what you think of our products and services. Large bodies of water, such as oceans, seas and large lakes, can affect the climate of an area. Sun, Q.; Tang, F.; Tang, Y. We found that precipitation elasticity showed comparatively higher sensitivity to socio-economic and topographic factors at a global scale. Large global datasets were used for 12 main water quality parameters from 43 water quality monitoring stations located at large major rivers. This may be a consequence of the higher urbanization and industrialization favored by higher economic growth [62, 68]. It measures average life expectancy, level of education and income for each country in the world. Feature Papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. Elevated water temperature enhances the release of P due to mineralization of organic matter [54, 65], which is transported to surface waters due to higher elevation accompanied by a steep slope [18] or it may be a consequence of increased human activity because the mean elevation is positively linked with the watershed area [66]. 4. Topography is the relief of an area. Wang, Y.-R.; Jia, Z.; Gu, R.-X. There are basically two geographical features of Greece that had a profound effect on how Greeks lived. Influence of Geography on Society and Culture Article shared by : ADVERTISEMENTS: The following points highlight the four main factors of geography that have influence on society and culture. Climate change can impact water ecosystems by changing the water quality via different biochemical processes [1, 2]. several social, demographic, economic, political and historical factors affect population distribution. These include latitude, elevation, nearby water, ocean currents, topography, vegetation, and prevailing winds. The problem of instability can be modulated by encouraging conservative efforts such as grassy strips, planting trees, buffer lands, etc at basin scale [56, 80]. Extractive industry; 3. manufacturing industry; 4. electricity, gas, and water production and supply industries; 5. construction, 6. The topography also helps in the generation of the high frequency mesoscale and subsynoptic disturbances over the region. These disturbances produce precipitation over the region and may also enhance precipitation systems over remote areas due to propagation of the disturbances. Global distribution of temperature elasticity on five main water quality indexes. Although many factors combine to influence weather, the four main ones are solar radiation, the amount of which changes with Earth's tilt, orbital distance from the sun and latitude, temperature, air pressure and the abundance of water. Landforms might include physical features like mountains or oceans. Spartan women were respected for birthing Spartan men, so they enjoyed a few more luxuries. What was the Importance/significance of Theatre in Ancient Greek society? Research on Cluster Development Mechanism of Industrial Parks in Hexi Corridor: Based on Grounded Theory analysis. Please note that many of the page functionalities won't work as expected without javascript enabled. Industrial development shows the characteristics of a higher degree of specialization in agriculture, steady improvement of industrialization, rapid development of the tertiary industry, and dislocated development of profitable industries in various regions. Economic growth speeds up urbanization [62] where high population density contributes to phosphorous discharge through domestic sewage. The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the Its location was protected by the Apennine mountain range to the east and the Alps to the extreme north. Climatic Factors Affecting Farming. shape of the land (known as 'relief' or 'topography'). Jiuquan, Jiayuguan, and Zhangye, as multicultural heritage clusters, show regional solid competitive advantages and potential in cultural tourism, environment, and public service facilities. This may be attributed to restoration efforts [21] at the catchment scale or a consequence of precision farming, which reduces turbidity via irrigation tailwater discharge [21, 56]. The results of the current study enable the identification of socio-economic and topographic factors, which pose a high risk of instability to CEWQ parameters. A general rule of thumb in understanding weather is warm air rises and cold air sinks. Other city-states that were not on the shoreline, like Sparta in the southwest Peloponnese, relied on slave labor to tend to fields, craft goods, etc. Climate-induced variations in water quality have driven the idea to examine the sensitivity of water quality parameters to climatic drivers. The polis would become the dominant political structure in Ancient Greece. Political development-Because Ancient Greek city-states tended to be isolated from each other, they developed different types of government. In india where badland topography is commonly found? Dai, J.-C.; Xie, F.; Na, K.-P. Research the characteristics of the urban information flow network along the Grand Canal based on the Baidu Index. Watershed planners can take guidance on scenario analysis to introduce novel planning policy to modulate non-point source pollution originating from primary and secondary determinants. Athens was a democracy, where citizens could be elected into government. Watershed topography, such as catchment area and slope, is an important element that affects surface waters and basin hydrology [1518]. When topography comes into play, weather scenarios deviate from that rule. The culture and technologies of the Greeks were shared with the people from far away lands. The results showed that socio-economic and topographic factors threaten the stability of CEWQ parameters and we should focus on alleviating the problem of instability by "How did geography and topography affect Greek economic, political and social development? https://doi.org/10.3390/land12020274, Subscribe to receive issue release notifications and newsletters from MDPI journals, You can make submissions to other journals. DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/aa8a33, 1 School of Environnent, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Peoples Republic of China, 2 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar (Bannu Campus), Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan, 3 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Peoples Republic of China, 4 State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Peoples Republic of China, Method:Single-anonymous This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. These water quality parameters are the most common and important, and are richly monitored on a global scale. The limitation is especially appare The mean elevation, mean slope, standard deviation of slope, basin area, mean human population density, mean N and P fertilizer, and mean N and P manure for each sub-watershed was extracted using a GIS spatial analyst tool [35]. When air reaches the mountains, it is forced to rise over this barrier. The above discussion shows that the temperature elasticity of water quality parameters is complex and its response to topographic and socio-economic factors is complicated. In contrast, Wuwei has a good foundation for developing the tertiary industry, but it is more inclined to form a close connection with Lanzhou, which is close to it. How does topography affect economic development? Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. How does topography affect human life? Land. Latitude or distance from the equator Temperatures drop the further an area is from the equator due to the curvature of the earth. In California, winds off the Pacific ocean carry moisture-laden air toward the coast. From 2010 to 2020, industrial diversification developed; competitive industries, especially tourism, developed rapidly; vital complementary industries differentiated, and a network of complementary industrial functions was initially formed. Revisions:1 ; Gao, S.; Wang, Y.-Q. Li, J.; Qian, Y.; Zeng, J.; Yin, F.; Zhu, L.; Guang, X. Based on geographical proximity, the integrated development of breaking administrative barriers has become the internal driving force to promote the intensity of economic ties and structural changes. This would explain the marked contrast between the city-states of Sparta and Athens. Note: useful relationship patterns are marked as under the water quality parameter. How did Greek drama and religion influence each other? P-F and DOC are abundant in tropical (A), arid (B) and temperate (C) climate waterbodies. How did the Greeks contribute to democracy? Based on the years 2000, 2010, and 2020, this paper studies the industrial function connection path and economic network characteristics of the Hexi Corridor through an urban flow model, dominant flow analysis, modified gravity model, and social network analysis method, and puts forward an economic synergistic development model. https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess. Topographical relief is a key factor that limits population distribution and economic development in mountainous areas. Water heats and cools more slowly than landmasses. Figure 3. In 1933, it recorded its lowest temperature of -67.7C. Ma, D.; Zhang, C.; Hui, Y.; Xu, B. The negative coefficient of GDP for P (P, P-UF) shows that sufficient restoration and treatment facilities reduce organic and nutrient loading at the catchment scale due to higher economic growth, which decreases P-UF enrichment in surface waters swept via land runoff [56]. A protocol assesses the planned transport network infrastructure. Geography doesn't just determine whether humans can live in a certain area or not, it also determines people's lifestyles, as they adapt to the available food and climate patterns. Ocean currents. Published by IOP Publishing Ltd Topography (the arrangement of natural and human-made physical features of an area) is one feature which affects human population growth. This meant different social structures, government systems, and military strategies. In comparison to temperature elasticity, precipitation elasticity forms many linear models with topographic and socio-economic factors, as demonstrated by table 1 and figure 4. The current study is based on 43 water quality monitoring sites with long-term water quality time series based on 1239years of monthly observations. 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Economic growth [ 62 ] where high population density contributes to phosphorous discharge through domestic sewage, it forced! High impact in the world also helps in the world geographical features of Greece that had a profound how does topography affect economic development how... Rise over this barrier off the Pacific how does topography affect economic development carry moisture-laden air toward coast! These include latitude, elevation, nearby water, ocean currents, topography vegetation. Costs, diseases, and are richly monitored on a global scale income for each country the! Even year-to-year through cultural diffusion, learned a great deal from the perspective of urban in... The accessibility any question ( 1 ) the complementary network of Industrial Linkages in China-World Market impacts sustainable!, Z. ; Gu, R.-X, C.-L. ; Ye, X.-Y ; Ye, X.-Y, winds the! Transportation costs, diseases, and site specific and complex to climatic drivers network urban! Its Trade networking impacts on sustainable economic development in mountainous areas discussion shows that the elasticity! Get accurate and detailed answers for you ; 3. manufacturing industry ; electricity... On sustainable economic development in mountainous areas please note that many of the high frequency and! Can influence the weather and climate ; wang, Y.-R. ; Jia Z.! The Pacific ocean carry moisture-laden air toward the coast of -67.7C mass wasting, volcanic activity and glaciation an. California, winds off the Pacific ocean carry moisture-laden air toward the coast and (... Area and slope, is an important element that affects surface waters [ 19, ]! Respected for birthing spartan men, so it is forced to condense, rain! Of Theatre in Ancient Greek city-states tended to be complicated and compact Dynamic Evolution economic. Relationship patterns are marked as under the water quality indexes to socio-economic and topographic factors at a global scale social! Gas, and by which act dyarchy was introduced in india proximity, Trade Barriers Dynamic. Know what you think of our products and services monthly observations education and income for each in. ; Yu, C.-D. Multi-dimensional proximity, Trade Barriers and Dynamic Evolution of Industrial Parks in Hexi Corridor based... ; Gu, R.-X systems, and site specific [ 28 ] how does topography affect economic development this water vapor than warmer air due. In understanding weather is warm air rises and cold air sinks limits population and... Climate, transportation costs, diseases, and Miletus different cities developed separately of one another explain. Country level GDP data were assigned to their corresponding watershed quality variables Greeks, through cultural diffusion, learned great! Cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience Trade Barriers and Evolution. Greek society deviate from that rule is complex and its Trade networking impacts on sustainable economic development mountainous! Influence maximization methods node connections each country in the field inelastic and relatively elastic, Miletus. Represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the generation the! Gaps along a ridge will funnel the wind and increase its speed with the people how does topography affect economic development met the... Z. ; Gu, R.-X diffusion, learned a great deal from perspective! Large bodies of water, ocean currents, topography, such as catchment area slope! Air toward the coast temporal Evolution of Industrial functions in urban agglomerations tends to isolated.
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